14,871 research outputs found
Mediators of Inequity: Online Literate Activity in Two Eighth Grade English Language Arts Classes
This comparative case study, framed by Cultural Historical Activity Theory and sociocultural understandings of literacy, investigated studentsâ online literate activity in two eighth grade English Language Arts classes taught by the same teacher - one with a scripted literacy curriculum and the other without. During a year-long research project, we used ethnographic methods to explore the nature of middle school studentsâ literate activity in each of these classes, with particular attention to the mediators evident as students engaged in online literate activity. Specifically, this article addresses the following research question: What mediators were evident within and across each of the classes and how did these mediators influence studentsâ online literate activity? In addressing this question, we illustrate how particular configurations of mediators â even those operating within the context of the same school and same teacher â significantly influenced the nature of studentsâ online literate activity and the literate identities available to students. This study reinforces the importance of attending to the influence of offline mediators in school settings. Without such attention, studentsâ formal education is likely to be transferred online rather than transformed online
Defectors cannot be detected during"small talk" with strangers.
To account for the widespread human tendency to cooperate in one-shot social dilemmas, some theorists have proposed that cooperators can be reliably detected based on ethological displays that are difficult to fake. Experimental findings have supported the view that cooperators can be distinguished from defectors based on "thin slices" of behavior, but the relevant cues have remained elusive, and the role of the judge's perspective remains unclear. In this study, we followed triadic conversations among unacquainted same-sex college students with unannounced dyadic one-shot prisoner's dilemmas, and asked participants to guess the PD decisions made toward them and among the other two participants. Two other sets of participants guessed the PD decisions after viewing videotape of the conversations, either with foreknowledge (informed), or without foreknowledge (naĂŻve), of the post-conversation PD. Only naĂŻve video viewers approached better-than-chance prediction accuracy, and they were significantly accurate at predicting the PD decisions of only opposite-sexed conversation participants. Four ethological displays recently proposed to cue defection in one-shot social dilemmas (arms crossed, lean back, hand touch, and face touch) failed to predict either actual defection or guesses of defection by any category of observer. Our results cast doubt on the role of "greenbeard" signals in the evolution of human prosociality, although they suggest that eavesdropping may be more informative about others' cooperative propensities than direct interaction
On Two Complementary Types of Total Time Derivative in Classical Field Theories and Maxwell's Equations
Close insight into mathematical and conceptual structure of classical field
theories shows serious inconsistencies in their common basis. In other words,
we claim in this work to have come across two severe mathematical blunders in
the very foundations of theoretical hydrodynamics. One of the defects concerns
the traditional treatment of time derivatives in Eulerian hydrodynamic
description. The other one resides in the conventional demonstration of the
so-called Convection Theorem. Both approaches are thought to be necessary for
cross-verification of the standard differential form of continuity equation.
Any revision of these fundamental results might have important implications for
all classical field theories. Rigorous reconsideration of time derivatives in
Eulerian description shows that it evokes Minkowski metric for any flow field
domain without any previous postulation. Mathematical approach is developed
within the framework of congruences for general 4-dimensional differentiable
manifold and the final result is formulated in form of a theorem. A modified
version of the Convection Theorem provides a necessary cross-verification for a
reconsidered differential form of continuity equation. Although the approach is
developed for one-component (scalar) flow field, it can be easily generalized
to any tensor field. Some possible implications for classical electrodynamics
are also explored.Comment: no figure
Further studies of methods for reducing community noise around airports
A simplified method of analysis was used in which all flights at a 'simulated' airport were assumed to operate from one runway in a single direction. For this simulated airport, contours of noise exposure forecast were obtained and evaluated. A flight schedule of the simulated airport which is representative of the 23 major U. S. airports was used. The effect of banning night-time operations by four-engine, narrow-body aircraft in combination with other noise reduction options was studied. The reductions in noise which would occur of two- and three-engine, narrow-body aircraft equipped with a refanned engine was examined. A detailed comparison of the effects of engine cutback on takeoff versus the effects of retrofitting quiet nacelles for narrow-body aircraft was also examined. A method of presenting the effects of various noise reduction options was treated
The Fallacy of Free Will in Prostitution: Encouraging Prostitution Reform to Prevent the Repeated Victimization of Vulnerable Persons
Article published in the Michigan State International Law Review
Rodent Control at Kelsey See Canyon Vineyards in Creston, California
Just over the grade, east of Atascadero in Creston, California, there are 160-acres belonging to the Kelsey See Canyonâs estate. Of those 160-acres, roughly five are the home to Syrah, Zinfandel, and Cabernet Sauvignon grape vines. Due to the arid climate in Creston, these vines thrive. The growing conditions on this estate are ideal, except for one issue: pests. Laurie Kelsey, owner of this vineyard, has been battling a rodent infestation that is devastating this vineyard. These squirrels, voles, and pocket gophers are causing problems with irrigation in the field, burrowing through the root systems of vines, eating fruit, and stripping young vines of their bark. The author will be researching ways to effectively kill these rodents
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